San Pedro powder, Traditional use. shamandealer.com

San Pedro powder, Traditional use,

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In Peru , there are many plants which are known and used because of their psychoactive components. The most popular in traditional medicine are coca leaves (Erithroxylum coca Erithroxylaceae), the ayahuasca vine (Banisteriopsis caapi, Malpighiaceae) and the cactus "San Pedro", popular names given to the species E. peruviana and Echinopsis pachanoi .The first it is also known as " female San Pedro" because of its lack of thorns, while the second is known as "male San Pedro"  which is also has  stronger properties in traditional medicine sessionsRegarding Ayahuasca and San Pedro Cactus , it is noteworthy that they have been part of various magical-religious events dating from pre-Hispanic times, and it was noticeable in the Chavin (1200 - 200 BC) cultures, Paracas (300-0 BC), Nazca (100 BC - 700 AD), Mochica (200-700 AD), Chimu (1100-1470 AD), even the Inca (1438 -1532 AD); and still it is part of artistic performances of Ayacucho craft.

chavin culture pottery

Currently, the San Pedro cactus(fresh and powder) is used openly and without restriction logistics in divination ceremonies and traditional Peruvian medicine. In an interview with anthropologist Anthony Henman about the preparation of the "achuma" he mentioned that it is very likely due to transportation conditions of time and considering the distances between the mountains and the coast-areas achuma has been made in its dehydrated form. However, current shamans perform preparation achuma slicing cactus stalks and boiling in its fresh state for a period that can range from 2-8 hours depending on the degree of concentration of mescaline desired, as well as the amount of people going to ingest the drink. Large amounts of this cactus can be seen in all markets of medicinal plants, especially in the northern Peruvian coast where its use was widespread.
The “shaman “ who consume achuma searches through psychotropic trance identify the evils of the person who attended the meeting, and to try to visualize future situations related to health, money and love (Reyna & Flores, 2001). With respect to traditional medicine, it is used for diagnoses with evidently based on psychoactive properties of the plant (Dobkin River, 1972) for therapeutic purposes. Its use has been reported for the treatment of mental illness, in which the healer or shaman try to identify the source of what ails the patient relating to witchcraft cases (Boggiano & Valdivia, 1981; Brack, 1999).

peruvian shamans in san pedro ceremony

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Use and benefits of san pedro cactus, shamandealer.com

  Use and benefits of san pedro cactus

In Peru, several species of cactus have been part of the resources used by the ancient Peruvians since pre-Columbian times. The first settlers of the coast used for the production of household utensils such as needles, pins, hooks and combs (especially with the thorns of the species Neoraimondia arequipensis)Cactus has been consumed since those times. Moreover, a constant in the many art expressions of pre-Inca cultures is linked to magical-religious purposes of a columnar cactus known as  "achuma" or "San Pedro" (Echinopsis pachanoi), which was the central axis of these ancient practices.Nowadays, the most popular uses are ornamental plants of various species, among the most important are the globular cactus genres such as Matucana, Oroya, pygmaeocereus and Echinopsis, and some of them are offered in various online gardening plant stores. Another important use is the alimentary. The fruit of several cactus species are edible and are part of the diet of many Peruvian villagers.

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San pedro cactus, "achuma, wacuma or huachuma"

"San Pedro" (Echinopsis spp.) is a columnar cactus that is distributed in northern Peru and has traditionally been used in divination ceremonies and folk medicine since pre-Hispanic times to the present day. "San Pedro" is used to make a drink known as "achuma or huachuma" which causes visual and auditory hallucinations as a result of of the intake of mescaline alkaloid, which is found in their tissues. At least 4 more species of the genus Echinopsis also possess this alkaloid, being the most famous after pachanoi E. and E. peruviana . 
The genus Echinopsis is categorized in the Appendix II of CITES, so the export of copies and derivatives demands particular paperwork and arrangement; in order to not significally impact in local populations as a result of the extraction of wild specimens

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